Effects Of Early Childhood Intervention Programs - 1437 Words

When we are born, we have a genetic makeup and biological traits. However, who we are as human beings develops through environmental and social interaction. Although there are various debates on the effects of early childhood intervention programs such a preschool programs on future development, the positive interactions that children experience during early intervention programs are seen to be correlated to their future developmental skills in a positive manner. Although heritability has the potential to alter ones developmental skills, there are still many different modes to which most children can pertain information and in turn develop. The positive effects seen in the future are attributed to daily access and use of technology, the routinely habits and order the institution instills in its students, and the learning environment that the child is subjected in. It is these tasks and tools that serve to enable school readiness in the future, enhance cognitive development in young c hildren with regards to literacy skills and improve motor development. Childhood is increasingly saturated by technology and the dominance of technological tools that are used to solve every day problems. Through the use of these technological tools, they enable and encourage preschool learning children aged one to five divergent thinking and team problem solving. For example, Lena Lee explored young preschool children’s learning with digital media including Ipad use. Her findings suggest thatShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Early Childhood Intervention On Children959 Words   |  4 Pages Effects of Early Childhood Intervention Early childhood intervention is a program that serves children from birth to age eight helping develop children’s intellectual, social, emotional, language, and physical development and learning (Kostelnik,2). All educational programs that serve children ages three to eight years are recommended to promote an environment that families are comfortable in, involve parents and give them good esteem in the decision making of their children, assureRead MoreEssay On Investing In Our Children1107 Words   |  5 PagesCurrie, J. (1999). Investing in Our Children: What We Know and Don’t Know about the Costs and Benefits of Early Childhood Interventions. Journal of Health Politics, Policy, and Law, 24(6), 1406-1409. doi:10.1215/03616878-24-6-1406 The above reference focus on the aspect of Investing in children Through research there are increasing evidences during the first years after birth, there is a particularly important in child development that present opportunities for enrichment, but also vulnerabilitiesRead MoreThe Effects Of Pre Kindergarten Programs On Public Schools1705 Words   |  7 Pagesagree that high-quality early learning programs are a key factor in improving a child’s educational and social development for many years to come. These stakeholders are aware that children need the appropriate intervention in order to make meaningful gains across a variety of domains and succeed successfully in their academic development and achievement. They are mindful that providing pre-kindergarten services to children who are at-risk for learning can have a positive effect on future endeavorsRead MoreThe Benefits of Early Childhood Education1201 Words   |  5 PagesBenefits of Early Childhood Education The writer of Proverbs 22:6 wrote: â€Å"Train a child in the way he should go, and when he is old he will not turn from it†. Early Education has benefits that can follow well into adult hood. Early childhood education is the organized practice of educating those who are in early childhood. According to the NAEYC (National Association for the Education of Young Children), early childhood spans the human life from birth to age eight (Early Childhood Education,  paraRead MoreEarly Intervention : A Child s Development1081 Words   |  5 Pages EARLY INTERVENTION: A CHILD’S DEVELOPMENT, THE EFFECT OF STRESS, AND THE IMPACT OF EARLY INTERVENTION PROGRAMS â€Æ' (I going to use footnotes to mark comments) For infants and toddlers with severe disabilities, the early years of development were crucial to attain optimal development (Guralnick, 2000), with an important factor the parent-child relationship. The parent(s) are the first person the child interacts with (Aydin Yamac, 2014), continually shaping his or her social, emotional, communicativeRead MoreEarly Childhood Program : Early Head Start Program1313 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction While there are several early childhood program models from which to choose, not all programs are equal in their goals and outcomes. Parents and policy makers have shown increased awareness for the quality of care and education in childhood programs (Epstein, 1999). A high-quality program is one that ascribes to developmentally appropriate practice while allowing children to take charge of their own education (Epstein, 1999). The author will discuss Early Head Start, Chicago Child-ParentRead MoreEffects of Early Deprivation on the Development of Institutionalised Children1686 Words   |  7 PagesEffects of Early Deprivation on the Development of Institutionalised Children Abstract Deprivation is defined as a reduced fulfillment of an essential desire or need. Studies on the development of children reared in institutions and orphanages help us to look at the effects of deprivation. Institutionalised children are reported to perform poorly on intelligence tests and to be slow learners with specific difficulties in language andRead MoreOral Hygiene And Dental Health1182 Words   |  5 Pagesthat discuss various interventions, to improve oral health in children of all ages. There is research conducted that shows 1 out of 6 children experience a toothache each year. There were various interventions implemented throughout schools, and for parents with young children. Each intervention had similar effects and research shows that they were very effective in increasing knowledge on oral hygiene and dental health. This paper also discusses those various interventions and the results from thoseRead MoreHealth And Social Service Programs1235 Words   |  5 Pagesservice programs that can reduce American adolescent Pregnancy from Ages 13- 18 and improve their quality of life. Methods: Review two research articles and to assess the overall quality of the data from the studies. Results: After the assessment of the two research articles, it was found that interventions in an early childhood can help prevent adolescent pregnancy. Although many factors can contribute to the event of teenage pregnancy, there are three main themes; an unhappy childhood, an activeRead MoreChildren s Academic And Social Competencies1549 Words   |  7 Pages2011). This gap in development is evident at the earliest stages of growth and the effects of poverty on children s development typically appear at about the age of 2 and by age 3 are pronounced (Duncan et al., 1998). However, research shows that for a small percentage, preventive investments in high-quality federally funded early childhood education programs, such as Early Head Start and Race to the Top Early Learning Challenge can eliminate paying a heavier price later through taxpayer burdens

Essay about Mixed Up and Matched Up - 1153 Words

The next day Elizabeth decided that she was going out to find Discord. She said goodbye to her family and headed out. She made it to Equestria and looked around for Discord. Twilight Sparkle saw Elizabeth and yelled, WHAT ARE YOU DOING HERE STAR CLASH.YOU DONT BELONG HERE, Im looking for Discord, IF YOU THINK YOU CAN WALK IN HERE AND TURN DISCORD BACK TO EVIL YOU GOT ANOTHER THING COMING, can I speak to Discord please, Twilight stopped and lowered her voice, what did you say, can I speak to Discord please, ok I am sorry, but it sounded like you asked and nicely to, I did ask now please let me talk to Discord, Twilight shook her head in disbelief, ok who are you and what have you done to Star Clash, Twilight I dont†¦show more content†¦I remember when that was all he would do. Always trying to out rank your grandpa Goku, he is my grandpa, dont worry youll get use to it, who are you, my name is Crystel that man is my husband, oh, your my grandma, yes, but get your sleep, I cant Im up now no use trying to go back to sleep, Crystel shook her head and a guard comes in, Princess Elizabeth there is a man outside who wishes to speak to you, Elizabeth walkes to where the man is, Dakin what you doing here, Discord told me you live here now so I wanted to visit, Dakin and Elizabeth go way back. Back to 5 hundred years ago. Dakin is only 512 years now but Elizabeth still hangs out with him, ok well I better get going bye, bye, Dakin gets up and walkes away, ok now that was dull,Elizabeth heads into the kitchen, excuse me sir but can you make me Just some apple cider please, yes maam, the chef gets done with the apple cider, here you go maam, thanks, Elizabeth takes a sip of the apple cider and spit it back out, what is the stuff you call this apple cider, sorry maam, let me show you how to make apple cider the proper way, Elizabeth shows the chefShow MoreRelatedEssay Critical Review of Reappraising Cognitive Styles in AWBES837 Words   |  4 Pagesput in doub t the conclusions suggested by the study. Method/Procedure In this research, students were firstly labeled as visual, verbal and bimodal learners through a computer test, and then put into groups with learning contents either matched, or deliberately mismatched, or neutral to their learning styles. Then students’ academic performances were compared to see the significance of differences between groups. Questions were raised when the researchers excluded the verbal users from theRead MoreA Research Study On Hepatocellular Carcinoma ( Hcc ) Essay1577 Words   |  7 PagesInstitute, Menoufiya University and Internal Medicine department, faculty of medicine, Cairo University in the period from May 2012 to April 2013 and reported mean age of HCC (54.73 ±8.21) for HCC and (48 ±7.42) years for liver disease patients(18). Also matched with a study done in Hepatology and General Internal Medicine outpatient clinics, Kasr Al Aini Hospital, Cairo university on 93 participants (patients with HCC, patients with cirrhosis, and healthy controls) and revealed mean age (55.8 ±5 ) for HCCRead MoreHSCT Case Study On MGH Protocols1572 Words   |  7 Pagesthree patients lost their grafts within 18 months of transplantation before weaning due to rejection in two and thrombotic microangiopathy in one. The net result is that four out of ten patients were withdrawn completely off IS and achieved transient mixed chimerism. Nine of the ten patients developed â€Å"engraftment syndrome† manifested by acute kidney injury (AKI) with rise of serum creatinine from 3.5 mg/dl to 15.4 mg/dl during days 10-20. Three patients recovered without modification of the protocolRead MoreIdentifying An Unknown Solid Using Melting Point1589 Words   |  7 PagesIdentifying an Unknown Solid Using Melting Point and Mixed Melting Point Data Shultz, Joshua T. Chemistry 2210L Results The experimenters inserted a capillary tube containing approximately 2 to 3 mm of benzoic acid into a manual Mel-Temp melting point apparatus. With the Mel-Temp dial set between 3 and 4, the temperature increased at a steady rate of approximately 2 ° C per minute from a plateau set at 90 ° C. The first appearance of liquid occurred at 119 ° C, and the benzoic acid completelyRead MoreA Mixed Methods Portrait Of Urban Instrumental Music Essay751 Words   |  4 Pages RESEARCH EVALUATION FORM NAME: DATE: 1. Full citation in APA style: Fitzpatrick, K. R. (2011). A mixed methods portrait of urban instrumental music teaching. Journal of Research in Music Education, 59(3), 229-256. 2. Purpose of the study: The aim of this study was to understand how instrumental music educators negotiate the urban environment in which they teach. 3. Research question(s) posed: 1) What background information do urban instrumental music educators have about the students they instructRead MoreNU And ICT Case Study904 Words   |  4 PagesA collaboration between NU and ICT utilized FC and HSC combined therapy with living related and unrelated donor renal transplantation. As previously described FC are bone marrow derived cell population that enables engraftment of HSC in HLA-matched and HLA-mismatched donors without causing GVHD 84. The NU/ICT group has developed a nonmyeloablative reduced-intensity conditioning approach to establish high levels of donor chimerism with minimal GVHD and no engraftment syndrome in mismatched relatedRead MoreA Mixed Methods Portrait Of Urban Instrumental Music751 Words   |  4 Pages RESEARCH EVALUATION FORM NAME: DATE: 1. Full citation in APA style: Fitzpatrick, K. R. (2011). A mixed methods portrait of urban instrumental music teaching. Journal of Research in Music Education, 59(3), 229-256. 2. Purpose of the study: The aim of this study was to understand how instrumental music educators negotiate the urban environment in which they teach. 3. Research question(s) posed: 1) What background information do urban instrumental music educators have about the students they instructRead MoreA Experiment On Unknown Salt Solution957 Words   |  4 Pagesreaction can be formed, it eliminated any anions that caused precipitate. This leaves two or three possible options of anions for each cation. To figure this out the cation must be paired with one of the possible anions. For example Ag+ could be matched with either NO3- or SO42-. To make a decision for which anion is in the solution a double displacement reaction is used. The two possible options are for the reaction occurred and precipitate formed, or no reaction occurred and there was no precipitationRead Morealdol reaction Essay795 Words   |  4 Pagescondensation and creates a new carbon-carbon bond. Water can donate a proton and form a alpha-beta-hydroxyaldehyde. When performing mixed aldol reactions, there are two potential enolates that can form and two potential carbonyls that can serve as the electrophile. Without taking precautions, you will end up with many different similar products. In order to control mixed aldol reactions so they produce your desired product, you have to worry about the two enolates and two carbonyls. First off you doRead MoreThe Issue Of Public Single Sex Education Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesHe adds that data shows that most girls and boys have an opportunity and have similar opportunities in general hence the more similar they end up. Leonard Sax ,the founder of National Association for Single-Sex Public Education argues that whenever boys and girls are together, their conducts definitely reflect their the large society they have been brought up in. This statement can trigger different arguments depending on one’s opinion on single-sex education. The Emerging Research The emerging researches

Wind Turbine Systems- Research proposal

Question: Describe the project, including a clearly stated project aim and objectives.Give a brief introduction to the topic area, identify then carefully analyse three different pieces of relevant literature.Identify a suitable method for researching (part of) this project, clearly identifying the type of data that will be required, the analysis method(s) chosen and explaining why this is the most suitable. Answer: Objective The aim of the present research report is to provide a glimpse of the wind energy potential and introduce a research methodology to evaluate a best configuration of the wind turbine system for the given conditions of the wind resource and geographical conditions. The evaluation based assessment is purely based on statistical survey analysis and the results should be readily applicable or can be interpolated for the datum conditions. Brief Introduction Increased usage of conventional fuels for the day to day requirements of the people resulting in escalating prices of conventional fuels. Apart from the scarcity and increased prices, fossil fuels also contributing to the increased pollution and other greenhouse effects. Day by day renewable energy resources are finding more and more popularity. However the selection of a particular renewable energy resource depends on the location under consideration as well other aspects like the trends and the magnitude of the energy demand. As a whole there is increased awareness towards the beneficial effects of the renewable energy and the national and international agencies are coming forward to encourage the renewable energy source based energy generations by way of subsidies and other incentive schemes. The present write-up introduces a research methodology to evaluate best wind energy solution for the given location and the wind availability configuration. The research is proposed to be bas ed on statistical survey and assessment based on evaluation measurements. Background for the dependency on wind energy Greenhouse gases emission and subsequent climatic change and global warming are some of the serious concerns of the global community. These are some of the main reasons that made the dependency on the conventional fuels to perish and the exploration for alternative energy resources gained momentum. Recent advances in the solar and wind technologies made number of countries to focus on for sustainable energy future and they are already involved in making explicit policies to encourage solar and wind energies usage. By way of subsidies as well as with growing awareness towards the renewable energy technologies, wind energy based power plants have grown at high pace in the recent times. The rated output, rotor diameter as well as average height of the wind turbines have steadily increased in the recent times worldwide. However the average size of the turbines as well as average capacity of the wind turbines varied from location to location across the globe. Apart from the prevailing pol icies there are several other factors like wind speed and the air movement in the region, stable environment, energy demand in the particular location etc are some of the key factors in deciding the rating of the selected wind turbine system in the region considered. Average turbine installed in 2013 was 1.93MW, while the average turbine installed worldwide is 1.34MW considering all the turbines installed so far. As per the expectation and assessments made by the Global energy agencies, the total installed wind turbine capacity can be 2000GW by 2030. Even though there are regional variation, generally speaking the installation costs of the wind turbine systems have decreased a lot in the recent times and still they are decreasing. One of the major reasons for the decrease in the wind turbine prices is the availability of more number of similar and same capacity turbines from several manufacturers. Also the supply of the wind turbines are growing a lot in the recent times which furth er reducing the cost of the wind turbines. Wind energy in Europe In 2013, United Kingdom and Germany became the worlds largest market places for the wind energy. 1883MW and 3238MW are the respective capacities of the Germany and Europe in the form of new installations. The wind energy industry is moving towards its target of supplying 14-16% of the total Europe energy demand by wind energy by way of installing newer wind energy generation devices throughout Europe. In 2013 alone, a total of 418 offshore turbines came into existence in Europe, with total wind capacity connected to the grid with a rise of about 34% over the previous year. By the end of 2013, Total offshore wind turbines in Europe are about 2080 across 69 wind farms installed and grid connected (Anon., n.d.). Future Expectations concerns significance of wind energy research As per Global wind energy outlook report, it is possible that the global wind power can reach 2000GW by 2030. Also it is expected that about 17-19% of the total worlds electricity will be met by the wind energy by 2000. It is expected based on the present growth rate as well as the anticipated growth rates that the total wind power could be anywhere about 25-30% of the global electricity by 2050 (Anon., n.d.). At present Global wind energy industry is striving hard to bring down the total prices of the wind energy systems installations. Apart from the cost reduction aspects, other issues like effective support policies, innovative technologies as well as the industrialization of the supply chain are some of the several issues which the present global thought leaders of the wind energy industry are looking forward at (Anon., n.d.). Another equally significant domain is tapping of the offshore energy. Off shore wind energy do have large potential and is yet to get explored. Increasing the share of the offshore based wind turbine system is one of the strategies to reach the targets set before the global wind energy giants. Wind turbines system is a key element in the overall energy tapping scenario. The cost and other performance parameters like capacity utilization do depend on the wind turbine system. The efficiency of the wind turbine system is a key issue in selection of the same. There are number of technical parameters playing a key role in the selection for the energy requirements of the future. The present part of the presentation do focus on the technical issues of the wind turbine system. Wind turbine systems did existed prior to the grid connected electrical systems, later with the advancement in the grid supply infrastructures, wind energy systems usage is perished. However with the increase in the oil prices the wind energy systems again came into renaissance. From the mid 1980s there is dramatic increase in the installation of the wind turbine systems for power generation throughout the world. Principally wind turbine systems operate by receiving the wind and converting the energy contain ed in the wind to rotary energy by imparting it to the rotor and subsequently using the energy imparted to rotor for power generation in the generator. The energy generator in the generator can be optionally either can be converted to other form, can be stored or even can be grid connected. Even though the energy generation from wind energy is simple and the technology is used much compact, the uncertainty in the wind energy availability, macro and micro scale influences that affect the wind availability in a region all made the dependability only as an auxiliary source of energy. Mostly the electrical energy generated from wind energy are used as an additional energy supply to the main resource of the thermal, nuclear energy generation sources etc. Glimpse of wind turbine systems technologies Considering the underlying technologies of the wind turbine systems, the major variations existed in the wind turbine systems in terms of the generators used in. Direct drive generator type of wind turbine systems are found to be more common than the geared drive type of generator systems for electrical energy generation. The yield and the reliability of the direct drive type of the wind turbine systems is one of the major reasons for the consideration of the direct drive type of wind turbine systems to the geared wind turbine generator units. As far as maintenance problems are concerned the direct wind generation systems are more advantageous than the geared type of the wind turbine system. Apart from that other issues such as cost, size and even weight wise the geared generator systems is reported to be advantageous than the direct drive generator systems in the literature. That too in the direct drive type of the wind turbine systems permanent magnet type of the wind turbine syste ms are considered to be more popular and feasible than the other types. Rather than electrically excited system, the permanent magnet type of the generator systems are of less weight and are found to provide maximum energy yield. Material for wind turbine systems: High strength fiber composite materials are now a days being used commonly in large and low cost blades of the wind turbine. With increased supply and advancement in the technologies, the cost of the power electronics used in the making of the wind turbines is coming down. Variable speed operation of the electrical generators is used to capture the maximum energy and thus optimization of the wind turbine systems resulting in increased use of the systems. The plant operations of the wind turbine have grown more to push the availability to as high as 95%. The improvement in the technology and the accumulation of the years of field experience is reducing the per unit cost of generation, increasing the sizes of the production systems as well contributing to the hike in the capacity factors. Types of wind turbine systems There are number of factors used in to classify the wind turbine systems. Power of the wind turbine system as low power, medium power as well as high power. According to the rotational power as constant speed constant frequency, variable speed constant frequency, variable speed variable frequency, According to the orientation of the turbine as horizontal axis, vertical axis etc. DC generators, synchronous generators as well as induction generators are three different types of the generators commonly used in association with the wind turbine systems. The three key design philosophies employed in the design of the wind turbines are withstanding the loads, shedding or avoiding the loads, managing the loads mechanically and/or electrically. High availability and the low OM costs are usually criteria used in to design the wind turbines. Even though minimization is the key concern, there is always need to reduce the overall OM costs of the wind turbines along with the installations costs. The design of the other elements like tower costs should be considered and optimized accordingly in finalizing the total cost of the wind turbine (Anon., n.d.). Reactive power control and the hybridization are the recent trends in the wind turbine power systems design. The recent trends in the making of the wind turbine systems include reactive power control for optimizing the power availability. Other developments include floating floor type of the offshore wind turbine systems, multi turbine hybrid wind turbine systems etc. Wind turbines with unconventional designs are being developed in the recent times. Spiral Magnus is another recently introduced type of wind turbine which incorporates spiral blades different from the conventional propeller type of wind mill blades. Wind turbine blades is another important component of the wind turbine undergone several changes in the recent times. Bladed undergone improvements by way of improved manufacturing methods, improved designs, improved materials as well as through advanced analysis and testing procedures. New planforms, aero foils and aero elastic tailoring are some of the few improvements In the making of wind turbine blades. Optimizing the performance by mitigating the fluctuations in the off shore wind energy output by other renewable energy systems like biogas, solar is fast catching up process presently. Also contributing to the increased life and the performance of the wind turbine are the improved maintenance techniques of the wind turbines. The improved maintenance procedures and the usage of the improved methodologies for the Root cause analysis(RCA), Nondestructive testing (NDT) of the key components has enhanced the reliability and contributed to the migration of the higher power generation and for the construction of high risk turbine structures for power generation. As a whole the total wind turbine systems resulted in higher and improved power generation and resulted in several innovative designs and installations. Improved precision and accuracies in the estimation of the life of the key elements like bearings and other moving parts contributed to further enhancement of the wind turbine reliability and the life time. Savonious is another innovative turbine design. After all the choice of the wind turbine is mainly due to the environmental friendliness and is brought into us e as an alternative to the conventional energy resources. However the technological improvements in the wind turbine are making the vision materialized and it is much likely that the set goals of the wind energy based power generation will be possible in short future. Turbine blades in the smaller turbines used in houses are made of solid carved wood and other wood laminates however aluminum steel and other wood veneer composites can be employed. However reinforced plastic composites became commonly used material in the large capacity wind turbines these days. Typical material consist of FRG, FRP, carbon fiber composites. They do possess higher strength to weight ratio compared with other materials. However as they are lightweight, strong and inexpensive they do have good fatigue characteristics and can be made in variety of production processes. Research hypothesis Wind energy installations and the utilization factors do depend more on the wind energy available as well as the type of the technologies available. The useful life and the performance characteristics of the wind turbine do depend more on the type of the wind turbine employed and its characteristics apart from the wind availability. The research proceed to identify the best wind turbines for a given location. Also the investigation tries to provide information on the best possible micro sitting configuration as well as the life time predictions of several types of the turbines in the given wind condition. Other objectives tries to identify the best control of the wind turbine power control. As on date there are several types of wind turbine power control methods existing like blade pitch control, control of the generator through power electronics, control through smart rotor methodologies. A relative estimation of the efficacy of these systems calls for a thorough investigation of the control methodology and the performance characteristics as well as the life of the turbine model. Research Methodology The basic technique of the research consist of thorough survey of the installed and operating wind turbines in the selected domain. Collecting the samples of the wind resource availability as well as the performance characteristics in that region. This will provide an exhaustive information of the wind turbine performance features for different types of configuration. Research methodology consist of investigating the existing wind turbines with each of the above type of control procedure and the find the relative potential of each of the control method. The process consist of estimation of relative potential of each of the control method in terms of the active life measurement as well as performance features like capacity utilization, noise of operation etc. A cumulative understanding of the performance characteristic will provide a key introspection of the relative advantage and disadvantage of the wind turbine system control methodologies. The key steps in the research methodology consists of the following steps: The basic information collection regarding the wind energy resource selection will be made from the geographic data, wind energy resource record values, NREL web site etc. Technical operational parameters like the height of the wind mill tower, capacity of the wind turbine, generator capacity, critical speed, type of control mechanisms, type of the wind turbine, tower height etc. will be collected for each of the wind turbine system in place. A keen collection and investigation of the wind turbine system performance parameters like capacity utilization, down time details, maintenance history, working life, efficiency in operation, total cost of the installation, average operational and Maintenance cost, noise levels etc will be collected. A relative assessment of the issues like benefit cost analysis for the number of available models, Return on investment, Grid connectivity, available average power for grid, cost of power generation etc will be either gathered or will be computed from the given data conditions. A comparison will be made for the range of the wind turbine types in the chosen area and an investigation will be made for the best type of wind turbine in terms of the optimum performance and benefit to cost assessment. The output from the analysis performed will provide an input for the decision making process in selecting a new wind turbine. (IX) The information also provide a relative estimation of the financial decision matrices in terms of the company of the wind turbine as well as their performance characteristics estimation. (X)As a whole the success of the research will depend on the quantity of the data collected, precision in the data processing as well as the accuracy in the calculations. Conclusion Present day wind turbine system performance depends much on the type of the technology used as well as other auxiliary works like the control configuration employed etc. The research proposed in the present work proposed to identify a right choice based on the performance, bottlenecks, costing (Net present value) of the turbines in the chosen location. Research is mainly focused on the power plants and hence other issues like micro sitting, networking configuration etc are equally considered in proposing a better solution in the given conditions of the wind resources. The methodology selected will be mostly through a physical as well as statistical survey of the performance and other technical features of the recorded parameters. References Bansal, R. C., Bhatti, T. S., Kothari, D. P. (2002). On some of the design aspects of wind energy conversion systems.Energy conversion and management,43(16), 2175-2187. Brenner, D., Schollbach, D. (2015).U.S. Patent No. 20,150,000,404. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.

Articles International Accounting Journals â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Articles International Accounting Journals? Answer: Introduction: FASB has introduced and recommended various accounting standards, as it allows exposure drafts and comments from various industries and corporate firms. The proposal, which is under discussion, considers the accounting standard to update the stock-based compensation and it has the topic number of 718. More particularly, the standard is Improvements to Non-employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. In order to assure cost reduction, it is needed for improving the non-staff share-based payment. However, certain complexities are related to prepare and maintain the usefulness of information, which is laid out in the financial statements of the organisation (Lodhia Hess, 2014). Finally, the report would concentrate on the various agreed and non-agreed comments about the initiation of such standard to improve the procedure of accounting for ascertaining its idealness. Proposal: It has been found out that progress in non-staff share-based payment accounting are critical to maintain the sentiments of the staffs for conducting the business operations in an effective fashion. This standard has laid forward numerous ideas for encouraging each organisation to participate in the comment process for gaining feedback (Lubbe, Modack Watson, 2014). The FASB has depicted the modifications in the form of questions and the companies are required to comment on the same for obtaining their views. Along with this, the companies are needed to provide comments on those questions, which are related directly to their overall business operations. Few questions of the standard comprise of tax benefits and deficiencies, complexity and cost along with maintaining information evident in the financial statements. Moreover, they take into account the relation between additional tax benefits and cash inflows, permission for the entities to undertake the accounting policy election, tax payment procedure and proposed expansion of the business. By accumulating the feedbacks, the usefulness of these modifications could be determined for the entire economy. Debate so far: The answers that have been gathered from the chosen four respondents are discussed briefly as follows: Heiskell and MacGillivray and Associates: It is an accounting and auditing firm in Australia and it has agreed to the elimination of the accounting tool of PIC to minimise the level of cost and issues in the process of accounting. Moreover, it has shown its agreement to incorporate compensation expense in the income statement, which needs the implementation of tax deficits and benefits. In case of the third question related to tax cash flow classification, it agrees that these actions could be considered in the form of operating activity. Hence, the organisation has agreed with all the modifications, which FASB has proposed, since these questions are in line with the public interest and the standard of accounting is crucial for both the staffs and organisations (Smith, 2017). Raytheon Company: Raytheon Company is a leading technological and innovation firm, which has developed its brand image in the global market due to defence technologies, software related to civil market and security tools. It is an US-based organisation intending to form effective corporate governance. The organisation has answered the questions 2, 3 and 5, which are present in the exposure draft. It has not agreed with Heiskell and MacGillivary and Associates about identifying the additional tax benefits and deficiencies in the income statement. Instead, it has suggested the symmetrical equity approach to obtain effective outcomes. This is because such realisation would only accomplish the public interest; however, the organisational interest would be ignored completely. Moreover, this would not be identical with the capture theory as well. However, it has been agreed that the taxable cash flows could be considered as operational activity and it has allowed the stored amount to the highest marginal ra te of tax applicable (Marton, 2017). The organisation is a global leader related to online payment technology intending to improve the international procedure of payment. It has been assessed that the modifications would provide several benefits; however, the disagreement is associated with the identification of additional tax deficiencies and benefits in the income statement (Zhang et al., 2016). These modifications would reduce complexities for majority of the organisations; however, the volatility of expense related to income tax might be enhanced. Hence, these modifications accomplish the overall public interest and organisational interest except the rejected one. American Bankers Association: This is an entity where the participants in the bank operate in USA and they tend to enhance the overall banking system and operating activities. The company has shown its agreement with all the FASB changes; however, it has compared the tracking of additional tax benefits and deficiencies in the income statement. The cause behind such disagreement is that it would lead to differences in the expenses of compensation and financial statements. Hence, in accordance with this relationship, most of the suggestions would be helpful in assuring both private and public interest. Significance of the proposal: This proposal is crucial to improve the procedures of stock compensation of the international organisations. It has intended to enhance the preparation of the financial statements along with reducing the pressure of the accountants and payments of cash related to the employers for tax holding. The primary problem identified in the proposal is the detection of additional tax benefits and deficiencies in the income statement of the organisation. This is because it would help in ensuring the overall public interest to enhance the economy. However, it is required in assuring private interest along with enhancing the proposal validity even though the public interest is achieved fully. Conclusion: Based on the above evaluation, it has been evaluated that Heiskell and MacGillivray and Associates has agreed with all the modifications pointed out on the part of FASB. However, the other respondents have failed to agree with the identification of additional tax deficiencies and benefits in the income statement of the organisation. The reason behind this is that it might raise the volatility of expense associated with income tax. Hence, it could be concluded that it is necessary for FASB to assure public interest along with enhancing the validity of the proposal, even though it helps in accomplishing the overall public interest. References: Bebbington, J., Larrinaga, C. (2014). Accounting and sustainable development: An exploration.Accounting, Organizations and Society,39(6), 395-413. Blayney, P., Kalyuga, S., Sweller, J. (2015). Using cognitive load theory to tailor instruction to levels of accounting students' expertise.Journal of Educational Technology Society,18(4), 199. Chatfield, M., Vangermeersch, R. (2014).The history of accounting (RLE accounting): an international encylopedia. Routledge. Henderson, S., Peirson, G., Herbohn, K., Howieson, B. 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